Figure from the Museum of Ventura County collection.

A total reactionary, Alexander III reversed all previous reforms.

Alexander III was a throwback to the total repression and reactionary policies of his grandfather Nicholas I. Russia became a police state. Progressives were imprisoned and Jews were subject to pogroms, which brought about the birth of Zionism. However, Russia was more or less at peace with her neighbors because Alexander vowed there would be no wars during his reign.

More about Alexander III...