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Text: Historical Figures of France
On Exhibit Now!
Image: Figures from history of France as Bourbon Dynasty, republic and empire.
From collections of the Museum of Ventura County, and the artist.

From Ancien Regime to Empire

Through the fortuitous death of his brothers-in-law, Henry Bourbon inherited the throne and founded the Bourbon dynasty. This family dominated French history for more than 250 years. The greatest Bourbon ruler, Louis XIV, was the personification of royal grandeur, whereas his descendants became the symbols of all that was corrupt and parasitical in the monarchy. King Louis XVI and his queen Marie Antoinette paid with their heads, as did thousands of French aristocracy! The rule of the Ancien Regime ended in the tumultuous French Revolution of Maximilien Robespierre and the guillotine. Napoleon Bonaparte led the young French Republic to a French Empire only to be defeated, opening the door to the Bourbon restoration of Louis XVIII and Charles X.

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French Peasant Family
French Peasant Family

Norman Knight
Norman Knight

John Calvin
John Calvin

Catherine de Medici
Catherine de Medici

Marguerite de Valois
Marguerite de Valois

Marie de Medici
Marie de Medici

Henry IV
Henry IV

Cardinal Richelieu
Cardinal Richelieu

Fr. Joseph Francois du Tremblay
Fr. Joseph Francois du Tremblay

Louis XIII
Louis XIII

Gaston d' Orleans
Gaston d' Orleans

Gilles de Retz
Gilles de Retz

Louis XIV (equestrian)
Louis XIV (equestrian)

Philippe d'Orleans
Philippe d'Orleans "Monsieur" (v1)

Philippe d'Orleans
Philippe d'Orleans "Monsieur" (v2)

Marquise Françoise Athénaїs de Montespan
Marquise Françoise Athénaїs de Montespan

Louis XIV 1685
Louis XIV 1685

Marquise Françoise d'Aubigné de Maintenon
Marquise Françoise d'Aubigné de Maintenon

Louis XIV (robes of state)
Louis XIV (robes of state)

Philippe d'Orleans (regent)
Philippe d'Orleans (regent)

Louis XV 1745
Louis XV 1745

Marquise Jeanne Antoinette Poisson,  Madame de Pompadour (reclined)
Marquise Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Madame de Pompadour (reclined)

Archduchess Maria Antonia
Archduchess Maria Antonia

Countess Du Barry
Countess Du Barry

Louis XV 1774
Louis XV 1774

Marquise de Lafayette
Marquis de Lafayette

Empress Maria Theresa
Empress Maria Theresa

Louis XVI 1778
Louis XVI 1778

Princess de Lamballe
Princess de Lamballe

Frederick II
Frederick II

Louis XVI 1780 (seated)
Louis XVI 1780 (seated)

Marie Antoinette (at court)
Marie Antoinette (at court)

Marie Antoinette (at Trianon)
Marie Antoinette (at Trianon)

Count Cagliostro
Count Cagliostro

Cardinal Louis de Rohan
Cardinal Louis de Rohan

Count Hans Axel von Fersen
Count Hans Axel von Fersen

Countess Jeanne de la Motte
Countess Jeanne de la Motte

Countess de la Motte (necklace)
Countess de la Motte (necklace)

Marie Antoinette (children)
Marie Antoinette (children)

Duchess Yolande de Polignac
Duchess Yolande de Polignac

Empress Marie Louise Bonaparte
Empress Marie Louise Bonaparte

Marie Antoinette (widow)
Marie Antoinette (widow)

Guillotine (fixture)
Guillotine (fixture)

Executioner Henry Sanson
Executioner Henry Sanson

Marie Antoinette (at guillotine)
Marie Antoinette (at guillotine)

Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre

Louis XVII Dauphin (seated)
Louis XVII Dauphin (seated)

Josephine Bonaparte
Josephine Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte

Louis XVIII
Louis XVIII

Charles X
Charles X

Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin









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